RESPIRATORY SYSTEM:MCQS

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
MCQS

TRUE OR FALSE


1.In inspiration
a.The abdomen moves outwards.
b.The costal margin moves outwards and upwards.
c.Centralvenous pressure increases.
d.Airways resistance is less than during expiration.
e.Intrapleural pressure is sub-atmospheric.

2.Surfactant:
a.Produces a greater lowering of surface tension in small bubbles than in large bubbles.
b.Activity in a surface is enhanced by transient increase in area or radius of curvature of the surface.
c.Is present in foetallungs from the 20th week of gestation.
d.Production is dependent upon pulmonary perfusion.

3.The closing volume of the lungs( CV )
a.is the volume of air expired before airways close off.
b.is small (20-50ml)during quiet expiratiopn in normal individual.
c.is associated with the closure of airways in the apex of the lung before closure elswhere.
d.increses in recumbency.
e.if it equals the tidalvolume,is incompatible with life.

4.In the mechanics of breathing:
a.the compliance is given by volume/pressure.
b.the compliance of the lung is about the same as that of the thoracic cage in young healthy adults.
c.the compliance of the thorax decreases in obesity.
d.the volume change lags begind the pressure change in both inflation and deflation of the lungs.
e.an estimate of elastic forces is given by area between inspiratory and expiratory traces on hysterresis loop.

5.Airway resistance:
a.is a major factor in the elastic resistance of the lungs.
b.is mainly determined by the calibre of the airways.
c.falls at high altitude
d.is inversely related to FEV1
e.increses as lung volume increases.

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM:ANS
1.a.True
b.True
c.False
d.True
e.True

2.a.True
b.True
c.False
d.True.

3.a.false
b.false
c.false
d.true
e.false

4.a.false
b.true
c.true
d.true
e.false

5.a.false
b.true
c.true
d.true
e.false

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM:MCQS

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
MCQS

TRUE OR FALSE
1.During normal quiet tidal breathing:
a.the dome of the diaphragm hardly moves at all.
b.the upper external intercostal musles help aerate the bases of the lungs.
c.paralysis of the external intercostal muscle reduces the tidalvolume by about 10%
d.there is a decrese in both intrapleuralpressure and intraalveolarpressure during the inspiratory phase.
e.the actual amountof air shifted eachtime by an adult is about 250 ml.

2.Concering volumes &capacities
a.a capacity is 2 or more volumes added together.
b.vital capacity (VC) can be used to monitor heart failure.
c.the VC falls significantly on recumbency in normal people.
d.VC is a good screening test of lung function.
e.the residual volume is exaled in maximal expiration.

3.the functional residual capacity (FRC)
a.is related in a linear fashion to one's height.
b.falls markedly as one gets older.
c.is increased in emphysema.
d.rises in recumbency.
e.should normally be about 40% of the total lung capacity.

4.In the alveoli:
a.type 1 pneumocytes form the major part of the surface.
b.type 2 pneumocytes produce surfactant.
c.type 3 pneumocytes contain concentric lamellated bodies.
d.gas flow is highly turbulent.
e.macrophages are usually present.

5.In normal lungs
a.in the upright posture ventilation is greater at the apex than at the base.
b.in the upright posture ventilation:perfusion ratio increases from base to apex.
c.residual volume is less than 35% of total lung capacity.
d.airways resistance falls during expiration.

6.Arterial pco2:
a.can be measured directly using an electrode.
b.can be calculated from measurements of PH of arterial blood when fresh and after eqilibration to varying blevels of pco2 in a tonometer.
c.can be estimated by analysis of end expired air.
d.is directly propotional to alveolar ventilation under steady state conditions. RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
MCQS

TRUE OR FALSE
ANSWERS

1.a.false.(diaphragm moves about 1cm during quiet breathing & about 10 cm during hyperventilation.
b.true
c.false.(bcz diaphragm is so effective.)
d.true.
e.false.(tidal vol is 500ml)

2.a.true
b.true
c.true
d.false(vc depends on chest compliance ,muscle power,&body size)
e.false.

3.a.true
b.false
c.true
d.false.
e.true.

4.a.true
b.true
c.false
d.false(by diffusion,linear velosity is very low)
e.true

5.a.false
b.false
c.true
d.false(increases)

6.a.true.(severinghaus co2 electrode)
b.true(this describes Astrup technique)
c.true
d.true.
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RAYS OF LIGHT

*Talk as little as possible
work as much as possible
*Whatever work you do ,do it as perfectly as you can,
That is the best service to the divine in man.
*Work done in the true spirt is meditation.

CARDRIVING-GENERALTIPS

CARDRIVING-GENERALTIPS
Buying a car to suit your need is more important.Everybody is keen to buy a car with goodmileage,lowmaintanance,spacious with goodride,comfort and performance.It is even more so if the the car you buy is your first.It is human nature.
Car owners in india are not maintanance-savvy and tend to ignore some wear and tear leading to high number of failures in vehicles.
Is it possible to keep your car in winning form?Yes.
Here are some general tips for maintaining your car for optimal performance.
Follow these safety guidelines:
.Do not use the clutch as a footrest.It should be used only while changing gears.
.Start driving only in 1st gear&shift gears at the right rpm.
.Check air pressure regularly.Your car will use more fuel if tyre pressure is more.
.Do not brake unnecessarily&avoid hard braking.
.Dont increase enginespeed immediately after starting.Wait for atleast 5sec.this not only improves lubrication, but also increases engine life.&your fuel bills down.
.Maintan a steady speed while driving,unnecessary acceleration&deceleration increases fuel consumption.
.Insist on tyre rotation at every service.
.When starting,make sure that the AC&other electrical loads switched off.(engine&battery will last longer this way.)
.Service your car regularly.(diesel car every 5000,petrol car every 10,000km.)

Jokes of the day

JOKES OF THE DAY
patient:Doctor,I've heard once about doctor treating someone with pneumonia &finally died of typhus.
Doctor:Dont worry,it wont happen,if i treat someone with pneumonia he will die of pneumonia.
_._._._._
Doctor:you've got cancer&Alzheimers.
pATIENT:THANK GOD,Atleast I dont have cancer.
(Alzheimers-characterized by loss of recent memory&other neurological symptoms)
_._._._._.