ENDOCRINOLOGY&REPRODUCTION(MCQs
From 141-175)
141.
Growth hormone causes
A) – ve
nitrogen balance
B) + ve
nitrogen balance
C) ↑
urinary urea concentration
D) No
effects on protein metabolism
Ans: B
Explanation:
GH produces anabolic effects on Skeletal& Cardiac muscle and stimulates
protein synthesis.↓ es the circulating levels of amino acids & urea.
Urinary urea concentration is also ↓.
142. On
carbohydrate metabolism GH causes
A)
Insulin effect
B) Anti
Insulin effect
C)
Hypoglycemia
D) Anti
diabetogenic effect
Ans: B
GH is a
diabetogenic hormone because of its anti insulin effect.
143.
Absence of menstruation during postpartum lactation in women is due to
A) High
serum levels of prolactin
B) Low
serum levels of prolactin
C) ↑ LH
secretion
D) ↑
GnRH
Ans: A
Explanation:
High serum prolactin is associated with ↓LH secretion & absence of
ovulation and absence of menstruation.
144.
Which of the following regarding Laron dwarfism is correct?
A)
Tissues fail to respond normally to Growth hormone [GH]
B) ↓
blood levels of GH
C) ↑
Somatomedins
D) ↑
thickening of bones
Ans: A
Explanation;
African pygmies are example s for Laron dwarf.
145.
Inhibition of Hypothalamus by a target-gland hormone is called
A) Short
loop –ve feed back.
B) Short
loop +ve feed back.
C) Long loop
–ve feed back.
D) + ve
long loop feed back
Ans: C
146.
Inhibition of Anterior pituitary by a target-gland hormone is called
A) Short
loop –ve feed back.
B) Short
loop +ve feed back.
C) Long loop
–ve feed back.
D) + ve
long loop feed back
Ans: C
147.
Inhibition of hypothalamus by an anterior pituitary hormone is
A) A)
Short loop –ve feed back.
B) Short
loop +ve feed back.
C) Long loop
–ve feed back.
D) + ve
long loop feed back
Ans:A
148.
Adrenal medulla
A) Is a
specialised sympathetic ganglion
B) Is
called a neuro endocrine transducer
C)
Consists of pheochromocytes
D) All
of the above
Ans: D
Explanation:
Neuro endocrine transducer because a neural signal to this organ causes hormone
secretion.
149.
Which of the following actions regarding Epinephrine is correct?
A)
Stimulates gluconeogenesis& inhibits glucose utilization
B) ↑
insulin secretion
C) ↑
lipogenesis
D)
Inhibits ACTH secretion
Ans: A
150.
Normal excretion of 17-ketosteroids in women is
A) 10-20
mg/day
B) 5-14 mg/day
C) 20-30
mg/day
D) 30-40
mg/day
Ans: B
Explanation:
for males 8-20 mg/day
151. The
important exception to overall protein catabolic effect of cortisol is
A)
Protein synthesis in the skeletal muscle
B) Protein
synthesis in the bone matrix
C)
Protein synthesis in the liver
D) Protein
synthesis in the cardiac muscle
Ans: C
Explanation:
cortisol causes proteolysis in skeletal muscle which results in –ve nitrogen
balance. The amino acids taken up by the liver are used not only to form
glucose or glycogen but also to synthesize protein.
152.
Increased vagal activity to β cells of Islets of langerhans of pancreas
A)
Stimulates Insulin secretion only during starvation
B) Stimulates
Insulin secretion only during periods of elevated blood sugar.
C) Inhibits
Insulin secretion only during starvation
D) Inhibits
Insulin secretion only during elevated blood sugar.
Ans: B
153.
Glucose transporter for Insulin-dependent facilitated diffusion in the cardiac
muscle is
A)
GLUT-4
B) GLUT-3
C) GLUT-2
D) GLUT-1
Ans: A
Explanation:
GLUT-4 is found in skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle & adipose tissue.
154. The
highest lipoprotein lipase activity is present in
A) Lung
B) Heart
C)
Skeletal muscle
D) Brain
Ans: B
Explanation:
lipoprotein lipase is distributed in adipose tissue, lung, skeletal muscle, aorta,
corpus luteum, brain, mammary gland and placenta.
155.
Glucagon causes
A)
Hyperglycemia, lipogenesis
B)
Hypoglycemia, lipogenesis
C)
Hyperglycemia, Lipolysis, Proteolysis
D)
Hypoglycemia, proteolysis
Ans: C
156.
Normal plasma level of glycatedHb [HbA1c] is
A) ≤
7%
B) ≥
7%
C) < 17%
D) > 17%
Ans: A
157.
Calcitonin is secreted by
A) Para
follicular cells of parathyroid gland
B) Para
follicular cells of thyroid gland
C) δ
cells of islets of langerhans
D) F-cells of islets of langerhans
Ans: B
158.
Normal BMR for adult male is
A) 35-40
Kcal /m2 body surface/hr
B) 50-65
Kcal /m2 body surface/hr
C) 60-65
Kcal /m2 body surface/hr
D) 10-20Kcal
/m2 body surface/hr
Ans: A
Explanation:
In euthyroid females BMR is 6-10% lower.
159.
Which of the following effects regarding thyroid hormone is true?
A)
Lipogenic effect is greater than lipolytic effect
B)
Lipolytic effect is greater than Lipogenic effect
C) No
Lipolytic effect
D) No
Lipogenic effect
Ans: B
Explanation:
Thyroid hormone ↑ fat synthesis, mobilization and utilization. Overall,
lipolytic effect is greater than lipogenic effect.
160.
Normal plasma concentration of Ca++ is
A) 2.5
mmol/L
B) 5
mmol/L
C) 10
mmol/L
D)
15mmol/L
Ans: A
Explanation:
10 mg/dl [or] 2.5 mmol/L[or] 5mEq/L
161. The
major stimulus for PTH secretion is
A) ↓ Ca++
& ↑ Phosphate
B) ↑ Ca++
& ↓ Phosphate
C) ↑ Ca++
D) ↓
Phosphate
Ans: A
162.
VitD3
A)
Promotes phosphate Reabsorption in the renal proximal tubule
B) Promotes
Ca++ Reabsorption in the renal distal tubule
C) Both
A&B
D) Has
no effect on renal tubules
Ans: C
163.
Calcitonin
A) ↑ Ca++&
phosphorous Reabsorption in the renal tubule
B)
↑urinary excretion of Ca++ & Phosphorous
C) ↑ Ca++
Reabsorption
D) ↑
phosphorous Reabsorption
Ans: B
164.
Wolffian duct differentiates into
A)
Fallopian tube, uterus, upper vagina
B)
Epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles
C) Labia
minora
D)
Clitoris
Ans: B
165.
Mullerian duct differentiates into
A)
Fallopian tube, uterus, upper vagina
B)
Epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles
C)
Scrotum
D) Glans
penis
Ans: A
166.
Each spermatogonium develops
A) 16
spermatozoa
B) 24 spermatozoa
C) 64 spermatozoa
D) 122 spermatozoa
Ans: C
167.
Unilateral orchidectomy [right] in a 5 week old, 46XY fetus will leads to
A)
Cryptorchidism of left testes
B)
Mullerian duct fails to regress on right side
C)
Failure of Wolffian duct differentiation on both sides
D)
Sterility in adult
Ans: B
Explanation:
AMH-anti mullerian hormone is produced at around weeks of gestation by sertoli
cells& causes regression of mullerian ducts and subsequent development of
uterus, fallopian tube & upper vagina.The mechanism of action of AMH is
paracrine on the ipsilateral side, so mullerian duct remains on right side.
169. 2nd
polar body is formed
A) Just
prior to ovulation
B) When
a mature ovum is fertilized by a sperm
C) After
the period of ovulation
D)
During spermatogenesis
Ans: B
170.
Pacemaker for the body’s circadian rhythm is in the
A)
Anterior pituitary
B)
SCN-Supra chiasmatic nucleus
C)
Posterior pituitary
D)
Preoptic nucleus of hypothalamus
Ans: B
171. LH
surge is an example of
A) –ve feedback
B) +ve feedback
C)
Delayed feedback
D)
Circadian rhythm
Ans: B
172.
Melatonin secretion by the pineal gland
A) ↑
during exposure to light
B) ↑
during exposure to dark
C) ↓
during exposure to dark
D) Is
not related to light-dark
Ans: B
Explanation:
Exposure to light inhibits the pathway responsible for melatonin secretion.
Special photoreceptors in the retina receive the light signals & transmit
directly to SCN.
173.
Pineal gland has
A) Well developed blood-brain –barrier
B) Moderately developed blood-brain –barrier
C) Poorly developed blood-brain –barrier
D) No
blood-brain-barrier
Ans: C
174.
Metabolic syndrome X is also known as
A) Juvenile
Diabetes
B)
Reaven’s syndrome
C)
Conn’s syndrome
D)
Cushing’s syndrome
Ans: B
175.
Aromatase converts
A)
Testosterone to estradiol
B)
Androstenedione to estrone
C)
A& B are correct
D)
Pregnenolone to progesterone
Ans: C
